NMAP Tutorial (BACKTRACK)

What is NMAP ?

HERES' THE SECRET

Nmap (Network Mapper) is a security scanner used to discover hosts and services on a computer network, thus creating a "map" of the network. To accomplish its goal, Nmap sends specially crafted packets to the target host and then analyzes the responses. Unlike many simple port scanners that just send packets at some predefined constant rate, Nmap accounts for the network conditions during the run.
Nmap has been able to extend its discovery capabilities beyond simply figuring out whether a host is up or down and which ports are open and closed

NMAP can determine the
                             operating system of the target,
                                       names and
                                              versions of the listening services,
                                                          estimated up time,
                                                                      type of device,
                                                                                and presence of a FIREWALL.

Nmap runs on
                       Linux,
                                Microsoft Windows,
                                                Solaris
                                                     ,HP-UX
                                                           and
                                                               BSD
 Linux is the most popular Nmap platform with Windows following it closely

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Features of NMAP

Nmap features include:

• Host Discovery – Identifying hosts on a network. For example, listing the hosts which respond to pings or have a particular port open.
• Port Scanning – Enumerating the open ports on one or more target hosts.
• Version Detection – Interrogating listening network services listening on remote devices to determine the application name and version number
• OS Detection – Remotely determining the operating system and some hardware characteristics of network devices.
• Scriptable interaction with the target – using Nmap Script Engine  [WIKIPEDIA HELP]

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COMMANDS OF NMAP

Open ur konsole in backtrack and type all the commands and see their working and do connect to internet also :)

* type nmap and press enter :: to see all the commands of nmap

** Nnow how to scan ips in range and to see how many are alive :: command is
           nmap -sP 192.168.254.0/24
*** Now how to scan ip in a specific range :: command is
            nmap -sP 192.168.254.99-106
like we are scanning ip from 99 to 106

**** Now we will do stealth scan to see how many ports are open on the specific ip :: command is
            nmap -sS 192.168.254.102 and press enter
***** Now to find what operating system running on the ip address :: command is
             nmap -O 192.168.254.102

****** Now to scan for TCP connect :: command is
             nmap -sT 192.168.254.102

******* Just a null scan to check wether ip is alive or not :: command is
             nmap -sN 192.168.254.102

******** Now to scan for UDP connect :: command is
             nmap -sU 192.168.254.102

********** To scan for IP Protocol :: command is
            nmap -sO 192.168.254.102

*********** To check  ACKNOWLEGMENT (ACK) :: command is
            nmap -sA 192.168.254.102
************* To scan for which windows is running :: command is
            nmap -sW 192.168.254.102

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